Explore fundamental aspects of bitter gourd farming, from planting to pest management, with these practical questions designed for beginning horticulturists and gardeners.
Which climate condition is most suitable for growing healthy bitter gourd plants?
Explanation: Bitter gourd thrives in warm and humid climates, which support good seed germination and plant growth. Cold and dry environments can stunt growth, while snowy regions are too cold for this tropical crop. Very windy coastal areas can damage delicate vines and may be less suitable.
What type of soil is best suited for cultivating bitter gourd with optimal results?
Explanation: Well-drained sandy loam allows roots to develop and prevents waterlogging, which bitter gourd cannot tolerate. Clayey waterlogged soils suffocate roots, highly acidic forest soils can limit nutrient uptake, and saline desert sand lacks both nutrients and water retention.
When planting bitter gourd, how deep should the seeds typically be sown in the soil?
Explanation: Seeds should be sown about 2 to 3 cm deep, which ensures proper germination and emergence. Planting 7 to 8 cm or 12 to 15 cm is too deep and could prevent sprouting. Leaving seeds just on the surface can cause them to dry out or be eaten by birds.
Which of the following is a major insect pest known to damage bitter gourd crops?
Explanation: Fruit flies lay eggs inside bitter gourd fruit, leading to maggot infestation and crop loss. Colorado potato beetle and rice weevil attack other crops, while stem borer moth is less common in bitter gourd cultivation.
At which stage should bitter gourds typically be harvested for best market quality?
Explanation: Bitter gourds are harvested when immature and tender for the best flavor and texture. Allowing them to ripen fully to orange, waiting until the seeds turn black, or picking when leaves fall off results in overripe or poor-quality fruits.