Explore the key roles and impacts of common fertilizer chemicals in modern agriculture, focusing on nutrients, usage, and environmental concerns. Test your understanding of fertilizers and their applications in crop production.
Which primary role does nitrogen play in plant fertilizer applications for crops such as wheat or corn?
Explanation: Nitrogen is essential for vegetative growth, particularly in leafy parts of plants. It does not enhance fruit ripening, which is typically affected by potassium. It does not increase soil pH; in fact, some nitrogen fertilizers may acidify soils. Nitrogen is not used for direct pest resistance.
Why is phosphorus frequently included in starter fertilizers for crops like corn seedlings?
Explanation: Phosphorus helps plants establish strong roots, which is especially important during early growth. It does not directly reduce weed competition or mitigate drought stress, though healthy roots can improve drought resilience. Phosphorus is not a pesticide.
Which of the following is a widely used potassium fertilizer in agriculture?
Explanation: Muriate of potash, chemically potassium chloride, is a common potassium source. Superphosphate provides phosphorus, not potassium. Ammonium nitrate and urea supply nitrogen, not potassium.
What is a major environmental issue caused by excessive use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers?
Explanation: Excess nutrients can run off and cause nutrient pollution, leading to eutrophication of lakes and rivers. Fertilizer overuse does not cause soil compaction or increased frost risk. It also does not improve vitamin content in crops.
What is the main advantage of using slow-release fertilizers compared to conventional ones for crops?
Explanation: Slow-release fertilizers release nutrients gradually, minimizing nutrient losses to leaching. They do not provide more rapid plant uptake, are not always fully organic, and do not provide pest control.