Challenge your understanding of nematode identification, symptoms, management, and resistance strategies in wheat agriculture with this medium-difficulty, factual quiz.
Which type of nematode is most commonly associated with wheat yield losses due to root damage worldwide?
Explanation: Cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera spp.) is the primary nematode pest affecting wheat globally, causing distinctive root lesions and stunted growth. Root-knot nematode mainly affects crops like tomato and cotton. Potato cyst nematode targets potato plants, while pine wood nematode attacks pine trees, not wheat.
What is a common above-ground symptom of nematode infestation in wheat fields?
Explanation: Patchy stunted growth often results from uneven nematode distribution, as nematodes limit root function. Wilting in midday sun can appear, but is not specific to nematodes. Leaf purpling and fruit drop are uncommon in wheat nematode infestations.
Which cultural practice is most effective in reducing nematode populations in wheat cropping systems?
Explanation: Rotating wheat with non-host crops disrupts nematode life cycles and reduces populations. Foliar insecticides target insects, not nematodes. Overhead irrigation does not control nematodes. Deep soil tillage can help expose nematodes but is less effective than rotation.
Why is the use of resistant wheat varieties a sustainable nematode management strategy?
Explanation: Resistant varieties prevent nematodes from completing their lifecycle, thus limiting reproduction. They do not directly kill nematodes in the soil or attract nematode predators. Fertilizer tolerance does not impact nematode management.
What is an important consideration when using nematicides for wheat nematode control?
Explanation: Chemical nematicides can negatively affect soil biology and water quality, so environmental impact must be considered. They do not increase grain protein, nor directly improve resistance to viruses or drought tolerance.