Explore various methods and concepts related to pest and disease control in agriculture with these scenario-based questions. Enhance your understanding of sustainable practices and common challenges faced by farmers.
A field of tomatoes is experiencing leaf holes and caterpillar droppings. Which pest is most likely responsible?
Explanation: Tomato hornworms are large caterpillars known for chewing holes in tomato leaves and leaving visible droppings. Aphids suck sap rather than create holes, root nematodes attack roots, and Fusarium wilt is a fungal disease, not an insect pest.
Which practice exemplifies biological control in managing agricultural pests?
Explanation: Introducing natural predators like ladybugs to reduce aphid populations is a classic example of biological control. Spraying herbicides is chemical control, hand-weeding is mechanical, and flooding targets weeds, not insects.
A wheat farmer notices powdery white patches on leaves and reduced growth. What disease is likely present?
Explanation: Powdery mildew is characterized by white, powdery fungal growth on leaves, leading to reduced vigor. Bacterial wilt primarily causes wilting, aphids are insect pests, and root knot nematodes affect roots rather than leaves.
What is a key principle of Integrated Pest Management in agriculture?
Explanation: IPM promotes using a combination of biological, physical, cultural, and chemical methods for effective pest control. Relying solely on chemicals or one pest species does not follow IPM, and complete elimination of all pests is unrealistic.
Why do farmers often choose disease-resistant crop varieties?
Explanation: Disease-resistant varieties help minimize crop damage from certain pathogens, improving yields. While some may mature faster or have good flavor, these traits are not guaranteed, and disease resistance does not eliminate fertilizer needs.