Explore key facts about termites as pests in maize agriculture, including identification, damage, and control measures. Enhance your understanding of how termites affect maize crops through these targeted questions.
Which termite genus is most commonly associated with damaging maize roots in agricultural fields?
Explanation: Odontotermes is a termite genus frequently observed damaging maize roots, leading to plant stress and reduced yields. Blissus refers to chinch bugs, not termites. Locusta is a genus of locusts, and Helicoverpa is a genus of moth that affects different crops.
When termites infest maize plants, what is a common visible symptom observed in the field?
Explanation: Wilting and lodging of young plants are typical symptoms when termites eat maize roots and basal stems. Leaf rolling is caused by stem borers, while cob rot and powdery mildew are due to fungal infections, not termites.
Which environmental condition most promotes termite activity and infestation in maize fields?
Explanation: Termite infestations in maize are more severe in dry and warm soils as these conditions drive termites to feed at the soil surface. Flooded fields deter termite activity, frost limits insect movement, and regular insecticide use usually suppresses termite populations.
Beyond direct feeding, how else can termite infestations negatively affect maize plants?
Explanation: By tunneling and feeding, termites make wounds in maize plants, providing entry points for pathogens. Nitrogen fixation and water retention are not promoted by termite activity, and pollinator behavior is unrelated to termite presence.
Which of the following is considered an effective cultural method for reducing termite outbreaks in maize crops?
Explanation: Removing crop residues after harvest decreases termite breeding sites and harborage. Daily irrigation can lead to other issues and does not specifically target termites. Excess fertilizer and specific intercropping do not directly reduce termite risk.