Explore the basic requirements and practices for successful tomato cultivation, from seed selection to planting methods. Perfect for newcomers in agricultural horticulture seeking practical knowledge.
Which type of soil is most suitable for sowing tomato seeds to achieve optimal germination and growth?
Explanation: Well-drained loamy soil provides the best balance of moisture, nutrients, and aeration, supporting healthy tomato seed germination. Clay-heavy soil holds too much water and becomes compacted. Saline sandy soil can stress plants due to poor retention and high salt. Waterlogged peat soil lacks sufficient drainage, leading to root rot.
At what depth should tomato seeds generally be sown for successful seedling emergence?
Explanation: Tomato seeds are best sown about 0.5 cm deep, ensuring sufficient access to moisture and light for sprouting. Planting over 5 cm or 3 cm is too deep, resulting in weak or failed emergence. Placing seeds directly on the soil surface exposes them to drying and limits germination success.
When is the most suitable season to sow tomato seeds in temperate regions to avoid frost damage?
Explanation: Tomato seeds require warm soils and are sensitive to frost, so sowing after the last spring frost ensures safe, successful germination. Planting in mid-winter or late autumn risks frost damage. Peak summer heat can be too intense for young seedlings to establish.
Which basic seed treatment is commonly recommended before sowing tomato seeds to prevent soil-borne diseases?
Explanation: Fungicide treatment helps prevent seed-borne and soil-borne fungal diseases during germination. Honey and vinegar are not standard agricultural treatments and do not offer disease protection. Baking soda is sometimes used in disease control on plants, but not typically as a seed pre-treatment.
What is the recommended spacing between tomato seedlings during transplanting to ensure healthy development?
Explanation: Spacing seedlings 45–60 cm apart provides enough room for air flow and growth, reducing disease risk and competition. Distances of 10 cm or less are too crowded, causing weak growth. Spacing over 1 meter is unnecessary and wastes field space.