Discover the basics of vermicomposting and biofertilizers in organic agriculture with these beginner-friendly questions. Enhance your understanding of sustainable nutrient management practices and their benefits for soil health.
Which organism is primarily used in vermicomposting to convert organic waste into nutrient-rich compost?
Explanation: Earthworms are the main agents of vermicomposting because they consume organic matter and excrete nutrient-rich castings. Honeybees do not assist in composting; they pollinate plants. Ladybugs and moles are beneficial in gardens but not involved in decomposing organic waste through vermicomposting.
In organic farming, which type of organism commonly provides nitrogen to plants when used as a biofertilizer?
Explanation: Rhizobium bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen and make it available to legumes, acting as a natural biofertilizer. Green algae can improve soil, but are not significant nitrogen fixers in agriculture. Fungi aid in other nutrient cycles but not directly nitrogen fixation. Mealybugs are pests and offer no fertilization benefits.
Which is a key benefit of applying vermicompost to agricultural soil?
Explanation: Vermicompost enhances soil structure, increases water retention, and provides nutrients. It does not eliminate pests directly, acidify soil, or sterilize it. These other options either do not occur with vermicompost or are undesirable in organic systems.
Which biofertilizer is commonly recommended for increasing phosphorus availability to plants?
Explanation: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria help make phosphorus available to plants. Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria benefit nitrogen availability, not phosphorus. Mycorrhizal fungi (not 'earthworms') can also help, but earthworms don't directly solubilize phosphate. Potassium-munching mites is not an established group.
Which of the following should generally be avoided in a vermicomposting bin to maintain worm health and compost quality?
Explanation: Citrus peels are acidic and can harm worms or slow composting. Shredded cardboard, vegetable scraps, and coffee grounds are suitable for vermicomposting in moderation. Citrus should be limited or excluded to maintain bin health.