IoT over Wireless: LPWAN, NB-IoT, and LoRa Basics Quiz Quiz

Explore key principles and differences among LPWAN, NB-IoT, and LoRa technologies in wireless IoT connectivity. This quiz helps assess your understanding of communication range, data rates, network topology, and practical use cases in low-power IoT solutions.

  1. LPWAN Coverage

    Which feature primarily distinguishes LPWAN technologies from other wireless communication protocols in IoT applications?

    1. Guaranteed real-time video streaming
    2. Reliance solely on wired networks
    3. Long-range, low-power data transmission
    4. Extremely high data speed with short range

    Explanation: LPWAN technologies are specifically designed for long-range communication combined with low-power consumption, making them ideal for widespread IoT devices. High data speeds and short ranges are characteristic of other wireless technologies like Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, not LPWAN. Wired networks are not part of LPWAN's scope since it's a wireless communication protocol. Real-time video streaming requires much higher bandwidth than LPWAN provides.

  2. NB-IoT and Coverage

    In a smart agriculture scenario with widespread sensors in rural areas, what key advantage does NB-IoT offer?

    1. Support for mesh network topologies
    2. Extended coverage even in hard-to-reach locations
    3. Seamless local Bluetooth connectivity
    4. High-bandwidth transmission for video feeds

    Explanation: NB-IoT is optimized for broad coverage, especially in rural or remote areas, making it suitable for applications like agriculture. It does not provide high bandwidth for video or support native mesh topologies. Bluetooth connectivity is irrelevant for NB-IoT, which operates on licensed spectrum for larger area coverage.

  3. LoRa Device Use

    Which scenario best utilizes LoRa technology's strengths in IoT networks?

    1. Controlling remote battery-powered environmental sensors
    2. Providing backup for a broadband internet connection
    3. Streaming high-definition music continuously
    4. Sending large image files from city cameras

    Explanation: LoRa is ideal for low-data-rate and battery-friendly applications such as remote environmental monitoring. It is not suited for transferring large files or streaming media due to its limited bandwidth. While LoRa isn't designed as a broadband backup, its long range and low power features make it perfect for sensor applications.

  4. Data Rate Comparison

    Compared to traditional cellular networks, what is a primary limitation of LPWAN protocols such as LoRa and NB-IoT?

    1. Very short range limited to a single building
    2. Much lower data transmission rates
    3. Inability to penetrate any indoor environments
    4. High energy consumption for each message

    Explanation: LPWAN protocols trade high data rates for ultra-low-power, long-range transmission, which inherently means lower data speeds compared to traditional cellular networks. These protocols are specifically energy-efficient, not energy-intensive, so high energy consumption is incorrect. Their range far exceeds a single building, and many LPWAN solutions are designed with indoor penetration abilities.

  5. Topology in LPWAN

    How does the typical network topology of LoRaWAN differ from mesh networks often used in other IoT wireless solutions?

    1. LoRaWAN requires all data to pass through multiple intermediate relay nodes
    2. LoRaWAN uses a star topology where devices connect directly to gateways
    3. LoRaWAN relies solely on point-to-point links between the same two devices
    4. LoRaWAN establishes ad hoc peer-to-peer communication without gateways

    Explanation: LoRaWAN primarily uses a star topology, with end devices communicating directly with gateways, which then forward data to the network server. Unlike mesh networks, it does not rely on multiple relay nodes or peer-to-peer links. Point-to-point is not the standard mode for LoRaWAN, and ad hoc peer-to-peer is supported only in specific modes, not as the network backbone.