Explore foundational concepts of property distribution under Muslim family law, focusing on inheritance and key legal principles. This quiz is tailored for easy understanding and broader awareness of core rules.
In Muslim law, what is 'Hiba' in the context of property distribution?
Explanation: A Hiba is an immediate transfer of property by gift during the donor's lifetime, recognized under Muslim law. It differs from a will, which only takes effect after death, and from court-ordered divisions. Debts owed to heirs are not termed as Hiba.
Who among the following is always considered a 'sharer' under Muslim inheritance law?
Explanation: A wife is always a 'sharer' and entitled to a fixed portion of her deceased husband's property under Muslim law. Other listed relatives like daughter's son, uncle, or mother-in-law are not classified as sharers but may be residuaries or excluded altogether.
Does the doctrine of representation apply to Muslim law of inheritance?
Explanation: The doctrine of representation, which allows descendants to inherit in place of a predeceased heir, is not recognized in traditional Muslim law. The other options are incorrect as there is no such exception for daughters or under any particular sect.
What is the maximum fraction of property a Muslim can bequeath by will (wasiyat) to non-heirs without the heirs' consent?
Explanation: Muslim law limits the testamentary power to one-third of the estate for bequests to non-heirs without the heirs' approval. The will cannot cover the entire property or half; one-fourth is also less than the legal limit.
If a Muslim's child dies before the parent, who typically receives the pre-deceased child's share of inheritance?
Explanation: In Muslim law, if a child predeceases the parent, that individual's share does not automatically transfer to their own children or spouse; the share lapses. The concepts of representation or transfer to grandchildren do not apply unless specifically provided.