API Gateway Performance Tuning: Load Balancing and Caching Essentials Quiz

Sharpen your understanding of API Gateway performance optimization with a focus on load balancing strategies and caching mechanisms. This quiz helps you grasp core concepts, best practices, and essential configurations to ensure robust and high-performing API architectures.

  1. Introduction to API Gateway Load Balancing

    Which primary benefit does load balancing provide to an API gateway managing multiple backend servers?

    1. Increases data encryption speed
    2. Creates database backup copies
    3. Distributes traffic evenly to prevent server overload
    4. Reduces application code size

    Explanation: Load balancing ensures that incoming requests are distributed evenly among available backend servers, helping prevent any single server from becoming overloaded. Increasing data encryption speed is unrelated to how requests are distributed. Reducing code size is not managed by the gateway. Creating database backups is a separate process from request distribution.

  2. Caching Basics

    What is the main goal of enabling caching in an API gateway for frequently requested data?

    1. Reduce response times and lower backend server load
    2. Convert file formats automatically
    3. Increase logging verbosity
    4. Block all duplicate requests

    Explanation: Caching stores frequently accessed data to quickly serve repeated requests, which improves response times and reduces the workload on backend servers. Increasing logging verbosity generates more logs but does not optimize performance. Automatic file format conversion is unrelated to API gateway caching. Blocking all duplicate requests is not a caching function; it might hinder valid client interactions.

  3. Load Balancing Algorithms

    Which load balancing method assigns each incoming request to the backend server with the fewest active connections?

    1. Least connections
    2. Static round-robin
    3. DNS failover
    4. Random selection

    Explanation: The 'least connections' algorithm sends requests to the server currently handling the fewest ongoing connections, promoting an even distribution during predictable and bursty traffic. Static round-robin cycles through servers in order, but does not account for current load. Random selection chooses servers unpredictably, risking uneven loads. DNS failover is used for redirecting when a server is down, not balancing connections based on load.

  4. Cache Expiry Strategy

    If you set a cache expiration time that is too long in your API gateway, what potential issue might arise?

    1. Clients may receive outdated data
    2. New cache entries will never be added
    3. Backend servers will process every request
    4. Authentication will always fail

    Explanation: A cache expiration time that is too long means clients could be served stale data, as the cache may not refresh when the backend data changes. New cache entries can still be added after the old ones expire. If the cache is effective, backend servers handle fewer requests, not all. Authentication failures relate to different configuration issues, not cache expiration.

  5. Load Balancer Health Checks

    Why are health checks important when using load balancing with an API gateway?

    1. They help remove failed backend servers from rotation
    2. They improve API request encryption
    3. They prevent all incoming HTTP requests
    4. They increase response payload size

    Explanation: Health checks monitor backend servers, allowing the load balancer to stop sending requests to unhealthy servers, ensuring high availability. API request encryption is not enhanced by health checks. Increasing response payload size is not related to server health. Health checks do not block all HTTP requests; they selectively route traffic.

  6. Cache Key Considerations

    What could be a consequence of using only the URL path as the cache key in your API gateway?

    1. Responses meant for different users may be mixed up
    2. All cached items will expire immediately
    3. Load on backend servers will increase
    4. It will disable all logging features

    Explanation: If cache keys are too broad, such as using just the URL path, personalized or sensitive responses may be incorrectly shared among users. Backend load might decrease due to cache hits, but data may be inaccurate. Cache entries will not expire immediately based on the key structure. Logging is independent of cache key settings.

  7. Sticky Sessions in Load Balancing

    In load balancing, what is the purpose of enabling sticky sessions (session persistence)?

    1. To encrypt cookies during API calls
    2. To randomly select a backend server each time
    3. To separate HTTP from HTTPS requests
    4. To ensure a user’s requests are constantly routed to the same server

    Explanation: Sticky sessions ensure that all requests from a user during a session go to the same backend server, supporting session continuity. Cookie encryption is a security process, not directly related to sticky sessions. Separating HTTP from HTTPS is a different routing option. Random backend selection ignores session persistence, which sticky sessions specifically address.

  8. Cache Invalidation

    Why is cache invalidation necessary for dynamic API data?

    1. To automatically encrypt cached responses
    2. To increase the file size of cached data
    3. To always direct traffic to a single server
    4. To remove outdated responses when underlying data changes

    Explanation: Cache invalidation ensures that when backend data updates, obsolete cache entries are removed, so clients receive current information. Increasing file size does not improve cache validity. Encryption of cache content is handled separately. Directing all traffic to one server is unrelated and would harm load balancing effectiveness.

  9. Impact of Not Using Caching

    What often results if an API gateway does not use caching for expensive, repeatable queries?

    1. All API gateways become stateless
    2. Load balancer algorithms are disabled
    3. Backend servers experience higher load and slower responses
    4. Client requests are always denied

    Explanation: Without caching, backend servers must process every request, leading to increased resource use and slower response times for clients, especially with frequently repeated queries. Client requests are not universally denied, they are just slower. API gateways can remain stateless regardless of caching. Disabling load balancing algorithms is unrelated to caching.

  10. SSL Termination and Performance

    How can performing SSL termination at the API gateway help improve overall API performance?

    1. It disables load balancing for encrypted traffic
    2. It reduces the encryption workload on backend servers
    3. It increases the time to first byte
    4. It blocks user authentication requests

    Explanation: SSL termination at the gateway decrypts incoming traffic before sending it to backend servers, decreasing their workload and improving API performance. Disabling load balancing for encrypted traffic is not the result; traffic can still be load balanced. Blocking authentication requests is not a direct result of SSL termination. Increasing time to first byte is opposite of the intended performance benefit.